簡介
虛擬試穿從了解使用者的體型開始。本文介紹了三種身體資料輸入方法——從最簡單的（身高/體重）到最精確的（上傳影像）——以及如何將它們全部轉換為 3D 身體參數。
1. 三種輸入模式
Mode 1: Basic Measurements (accuracy: ~70%)
├── Input: height (cm), weight (kg)
├── Process: Statistical regression → body shape params
└── Output: Estimated SMPL β parameters
Mode 2: Detailed Measurements (accuracy: ~85%)
├── Input: height, weight, chest, waist, shoulder
├── Process: Direct mapping → body shape params
└── Output: Accurate SMPL β parameters
Mode 3: Photo-based (accuracy: ~90%)
├── Input: 1-2 photos (front + side)
├── Process: Pose detection → body shape regression
└── Output: Precise SMPL β parameters + pose
2. 模式1——統計身體估計
class BasicBodyEstimator:
"""Estimate body shape từ height/weight"""
# Regression coefficients (trained trên body scan dataset)
BODY_RATIOS = {
"male": {
"chest": lambda h, bmi: 76 + bmi * 1.3 + (h - 170) * 0.15,
"waist": lambda h, bmi: 62 + bmi * 1.8 + (h - 170) * 0.1,
"shoulder": lambda h, bmi: h * 0.256 + bmi * 0.1,
"hip": lambda h, bmi: 80 + bmi * 1.0 + (h - 170) * 0.1,
"arm_length": lambda h, bmi: h * 0.44,
"torso_length": lambda h, bmi: h * 0.30,
},
"female": {
"chest": lambda h, bmi: 72 + bmi * 1.1 + (h - 160) * 0.12,
"waist": lambda h, bmi: 56 + bmi * 1.6 + (h - 160) * 0.08,
"shoulder": lambda h, bmi: h * 0.238 + bmi * 0.08,
"hip": lambda h, bmi: 82 + bmi * 1.4 + (h - 160) * 0.12,
"arm_length": lambda h, bmi: h * 0.43,
"torso_length": lambda h, bmi: h * 0.29,
},
}
def estimate(
self,
height_cm: float,
weight_kg: float,
gender: str = "neutral",
) -> BodyMeasurements:
bmi = weight_kg / (height_cm / 100) ** 2
if gender == "neutral":
# Average male & female
male = self._compute("male", height_cm, bmi)
female = self._compute("female", height_cm, bmi)
measurements = {
k: (male[k] + female[k]) / 2
for k in male
}
else:
measurements = self._compute(gender, height_cm, bmi)
return BodyMeasurements(
height=height_cm,
weight=weight_kg,
**measurements,
estimation_method="basic",
confidence=0.7,
)
def _compute(
self, gender: str, height: float, bmi: float
) -> dict:
ratios = self.BODY_RATIOS[gender]
return {
key: round(func(height, bmi), 1)
for key, func in ratios.items()
}
3. 模式 2 — 詳細測量
class DetailedBodyMapper:
"""Map chi tiết measurements sang SMPL parameters"""
def map_to_smpl(
self, measurements: BodyMeasurements
) -> SMPLParams:
"""
Convert body measurements → SMPL β parameters
SMPL uses 10 shape parameters (β) that control:
β[0]: overall body size (height)
β[1]: weight/mass
β[2]: chest-to-waist ratio
β[3]: shoulder width
β[4]: hip width
β[5-9]: finer shape details
"""
# Normalize measurements
norm = self._normalize(measurements)
# Linear mapping to β parameters
# (trained via regression on CAESAR dataset)
betas = np.array([
norm.height * 2.5 - 4.2, # β0: height
norm.bmi * 1.8 - 2.0, # β1: mass
norm.chest_waist_ratio * 1.2, # β2: proportions
norm.shoulder * 0.8 - 1.0, # β3: shoulders
norm.hip * 0.6 - 0.5, # β4: hips
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, # β5-9: default
], dtype=np.float32)
return SMPLParams(
betas=betas,
gender=measurements.gender or "neutral",
confidence=0.85,
)
4. 模式 3 — 基於照片的身體估計
import mediapipe as mp
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
class PhotoBodyEstimator:
"""Estimate body từ 1-2 ảnh user"""
def __init__(self):
self.mp_pose = mp.solutions.pose
self.pose = self.mp_pose.Pose(
static_image_mode=True,
model_complexity=2,
min_detection_confidence=0.5,
)
def estimate_from_photo(
self,
front_photo: Image.Image,
side_photo: Image.Image | None = None,
known_height: float | None = None,
) -> BodyMeasurements:
# 1. Detect pose landmarks
front_landmarks = self._detect_landmarks(front_photo)
# 2. Calculate proportions from landmarks
proportions = self._calculate_proportions(
front_landmarks
)
# 3. If side photo, improve depth estimation
if side_photo:
side_landmarks = self._detect_landmarks(side_photo)
proportions = self._refine_with_side(
proportions, side_landmarks
)
# 4. Convert proportions to measurements
if known_height:
scale = known_height / proportions["body_height_ratio"]
else:
scale = 170 # Default height assumption
measurements = self._proportions_to_measurements(
proportions, scale
)
return measurements
def _detect_landmarks(
self, photo: Image.Image
) -> dict:
"""Detect 33 pose landmarks"""
img_array = np.array(photo.convert("RGB"))
results = self.pose.process(img_array)
if not results.pose_landmarks:
raise ValueError("Không phát hiện được người trong ảnh")
landmarks = {}
for idx, lm in enumerate(results.pose_landmarks.landmark):
name = self.mp_pose.PoseLandmark(idx).name
landmarks[name] = {
"x": lm.x, "y": lm.y, "z": lm.z,
"visibility": lm.visibility,
}
return landmarks
def _calculate_proportions(
self, landmarks: dict
) -> dict:
"""Tính body proportions từ landmarks"""
# Shoulder width
l_shoulder = landmarks["LEFT_SHOULDER"]
r_shoulder = landmarks["RIGHT_SHOULDER"]
shoulder_width = abs(l_shoulder["x"] - r_shoulder["x"])
# Hip width
l_hip = landmarks["LEFT_HIP"]
r_hip = landmarks["RIGHT_HIP"]
hip_width = abs(l_hip["x"] - r_hip["x"])
# Torso length
mid_shoulder_y = (l_shoulder["y"] + r_shoulder["y"]) / 2
mid_hip_y = (l_hip["y"] + r_hip["y"]) / 2
torso_length = abs(mid_hip_y - mid_shoulder_y)
# Body height (top of head to ankles)
nose = landmarks.get("NOSE", landmarks["LEFT_EAR"])
l_ankle = landmarks["LEFT_ANKLE"]
body_height = abs(l_ankle["y"] - nose["y"])
return {
"shoulder_width": shoulder_width,
"hip_width": hip_width,
"torso_length": torso_length,
"body_height_ratio": body_height,
"shoulder_hip_ratio": shoulder_width / max(hip_width, 0.01),
}
5. 統一體管道
class BodyEstimationPipeline:
"""Pipeline thống nhất cho 3 modes"""
def __init__(self):
self.basic = BasicBodyEstimator()
self.detailed = DetailedBodyMapper()
self.photo = PhotoBodyEstimator()
async def estimate(
self,
height: float | None = None,
weight: float | None = None,
chest: float | None = None,
waist: float | None = None,
shoulder: float | None = None,
front_photo: Image.Image | None = None,
side_photo: Image.Image | None = None,
) -> BodyEstimationResult:
# Determine best mode
if front_photo:
measurements = self.photo.estimate_from_photo(
front_photo, side_photo, known_height=height
)
smpl_params = self.detailed.map_to_smpl(measurements)
elif chest and waist and shoulder:
measurements = BodyMeasurements(
height=height, weight=weight,
chest=chest, waist=waist, shoulder=shoulder,
)
smpl_params = self.detailed.map_to_smpl(measurements)
elif height and weight:
measurements = self.basic.estimate(height, weight)
smpl_params = self.detailed.map_to_smpl(measurements)
else:
raise ValueError("Cần ít nhất height + weight")
return BodyEstimationResult(
measurements=measurements,
smpl_params=smpl_params,
)
總結
身體估計模組：
- 3種輸入模式 — 基本（身高/體重）、詳細（測量值）、照片
- 統計估計 — BMI 和身高迴歸
- MediaPipe Pose — 來自真實人物照片的 33 個地標
- SMPL 映射 — 轉換測量值 → 10 個 β 參數
- 統一管道 — 根據可用資料自動選擇最佳模式
下一篇文章：3D 頭像產生 — 根據 SMPL 參數建立頭像。