Bài 9: Payment Service & Notification Service

Quarkus Microservices: Từ Cơ bản đến Production

Phần 2: Thiết kế Microservices Architecture

xdev.asia

Giới thiệu

Payment Service và Notification Service hoàn thiện flow E-Commerce: đặt hàng → thanh toán → thông báo. Payment Service xử lý payment gateway integration, Notification Service gửi email/SMS qua event-driven architecture (Kafka sẽ chi tiết ở Phần 4, bài này dùng event cơ bản).

Payment Service

Payment Entity

@Entity
@Table(name = "payments")
public class Payment extends PanacheEntity {

    @Column(name = "payment_number", unique = true, nullable = false)
    public String paymentNumber;

    @Column(name = "order_id", nullable = false)
    public Long orderId;

    @Column(name = "order_number")
    public String orderNumber;

    @Column(name = "customer_id", nullable = false)
    public String customerId;

    @Embedded
    @AttributeOverrides({
        @AttributeOverride(name = "amount",
            column = @Column(name = "amount")),
        @AttributeOverride(name = "currency",
            column = @Column(name = "currency"))
    })
    public Money amount;

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @Column(length = 20)
    public PaymentStatus status = PaymentStatus.PENDING;

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @Column(name = "payment_method", length = 20)
    public PaymentMethod method;

    @Column(name = "gateway_transaction_id")
    public String gatewayTransactionId;

    @Column(name = "gateway_response", columnDefinition = "TEXT")
    public String gatewayResponse;

    @Column(name = "failure_reason")
    public String failureReason;

    @Column(name = "created_at", updatable = false)
    public LocalDateTime createdAt;

    @Column(name = "completed_at")
    public LocalDateTime completedAt;

    @PrePersist
    void onCreate() {
        createdAt = LocalDateTime.now();
        paymentNumber = "PAY-" + System.currentTimeMillis()
            + "-" + UUID.randomUUID().toString()
            .substring(0, 6).toUpperCase();
    }

    // Domain Methods
    public void complete(String transactionId) {
        this.status = PaymentStatus.COMPLETED;
        this.gatewayTransactionId = transactionId;
        this.completedAt = LocalDateTime.now();
    }

    public void fail(String reason) {
        this.status = PaymentStatus.FAILED;
        this.failureReason = reason;
    }

    public void refund() {
        if (this.status != PaymentStatus.COMPLETED) {
            throw new BusinessException(400,
                "Can only refund completed payments");
        }
        this.status = PaymentStatus.REFUNDED;
    }
}

public enum PaymentStatus {
    PENDING, PROCESSING, COMPLETED, FAILED, REFUNDED
}

public enum PaymentMethod {
    VNPAY, MOMO, BANK_TRANSFER, COD
}

Payment Gateway — Strategy Pattern

public interface PaymentGateway {
    PaymentResult process(PaymentRequest request);
    PaymentResult checkStatus(String transactionId);
}

public record PaymentRequest(
    String paymentNumber,
    BigDecimal amount,
    String currency,
    PaymentMethod method,
    String returnUrl,
    String customerIp
) {}

public record PaymentResult(
    boolean success,
    String transactionId,
    String redirectUrl,  // cho online payment
    String message,
    String rawResponse
) {}

VNPay Gateway (Mock Implementation)

@ApplicationScoped
@Named("vnpay")
public class VnPayGateway implements PaymentGateway {

    @ConfigProperty(name = "payment.vnpay.tmn-code")
    String tmnCode;

    @ConfigProperty(name = "payment.vnpay.secret-key")
    String secretKey;

    @ConfigProperty(name = "payment.vnpay.url",
        defaultValue = "https://sandbox.vnpayment.vn/paymentv2/vpcpay.html")
    String vnpayUrl;

    @Override
    public PaymentResult process(PaymentRequest request) {
        // Build VNPay payment URL
        Map<String, String> params = new TreeMap<>();
        params.put("vnp_Version", "2.1.0");
        params.put("vnp_TmnCode", tmnCode);
        params.put("vnp_Amount",
            String.valueOf(request.amount()
                .multiply(BigDecimal.valueOf(100)).longValue()));
        params.put("vnp_Command", "pay");
        params.put("vnp_OrderInfo", request.paymentNumber());
        params.put("vnp_TxnRef", request.paymentNumber());
        params.put("vnp_IpAddr", request.customerIp());
        params.put("vnp_ReturnUrl", request.returnUrl());
        params.put("vnp_CreateDate",
            LocalDateTime.now().format(
                DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMddHHmmss")));

        String queryString = buildQueryString(params);
        String secureHash = hmacSHA512(secretKey, queryString);
        String paymentUrl = vnpayUrl + "?" + queryString
            + "&vnp_SecureHash=" + secureHash;

        return new PaymentResult(
            true, null, paymentUrl,
            "Redirect to VNPay", null);
    }

    @Override
    public PaymentResult checkStatus(String transactionId) {
        // Query VNPay API for transaction status
        return new PaymentResult(true, transactionId,
            null, "Transaction completed", null);
    }

    private String buildQueryString(Map<String, String> params) {
        return params.entrySet().stream()
            .map(e -> e.getKey() + "="
                + URLEncoder.encode(e.getValue(),
                    StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
            .collect(Collectors.joining("&"));
    }

    private String hmacSHA512(String key, String data) {
        try {
            Mac hmac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA512");
            hmac.init(new SecretKeySpec(
                key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
                "HmacSHA512"));
            byte[] hash = hmac.doFinal(
                data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            return HexFormat.of().formatHex(hash);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "Failed to generate HMAC", e);
        }
    }
}

Payment Service Layer

@ApplicationScoped
public class PaymentService {

    @Inject
    @Named("vnpay")
    PaymentGateway vnpayGateway;

    @Inject
    @RestClient
    OrderServiceClient orderClient;

    @Inject
    Event<PaymentCompletedEvent> paymentCompletedEvent;

    @Transactional
    public PaymentResponse initiatePayment(
            String customerId,
            InitiatePaymentRequest request) {

        Payment payment = new Payment();
        payment.orderId = request.orderId();
        payment.orderNumber = request.orderNumber();
        payment.customerId = customerId;
        payment.amount = Money.vnd(request.amount());
        payment.method = request.method();
        payment.status = PaymentStatus.PROCESSING;
        payment.persist();

        PaymentResult result = vnpayGateway.process(
            new PaymentRequest(
                payment.paymentNumber,
                request.amount(), "VND",
                request.method(),
                request.returnUrl(),
                request.customerIp()));

        return new PaymentResponse(
            payment.paymentNumber,
            result.redirectUrl(),
            payment.status.name());
    }

    @Transactional
    public void handleCallback(Map<String, String> params) {
        String paymentNumber = params.get("vnp_TxnRef");
        String responseCode = params.get("vnp_ResponseCode");
        String transactionId = params.get("vnp_TransactionNo");

        Payment payment = Payment.find(
            "paymentNumber", paymentNumber)
            .firstResult();

        if ("00".equals(responseCode)) {
            payment.complete(transactionId);
            // Notify Order Service
            orderClient.markPaid(payment.orderId,
                payment.paymentNumber);
            // Fire CDI Event
            paymentCompletedEvent.fire(
                new PaymentCompletedEvent(
                    payment.orderId,
                    payment.paymentNumber,
                    payment.amount));
        } else {
            payment.fail("VNPay response: " + responseCode);
        }
    }
}

Notification Service

Notification Entity

@Entity
@Table(name = "notifications")
public class Notification extends PanacheEntity {

    @Column(name = "recipient", nullable = false)
    public String recipient; // email or phone

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @Column(name = "channel", length = 10)
    public NotificationChannel channel;

    @Column(nullable = false)
    public String subject;

    @Column(columnDefinition = "TEXT", nullable = false)
    public String body;

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @Column(length = 20)
    public NotificationStatus status = NotificationStatus.PENDING;

    @Column(name = "reference_type", length = 50)
    public String referenceType; // ORDER, PAYMENT

    @Column(name = "reference_id")
    public String referenceId;

    @Column(name = "sent_at")
    public LocalDateTime sentAt;

    @Column(name = "error_message")
    public String errorMessage;

    @Column(name = "retry_count")
    public int retryCount = 0;

    @Column(name = "created_at", updatable = false)
    public LocalDateTime createdAt;

    @PrePersist
    void onCreate() { createdAt = LocalDateTime.now(); }

    public void markSent() {
        this.status = NotificationStatus.SENT;
        this.sentAt = LocalDateTime.now();
    }

    public void markFailed(String error) {
        this.retryCount++;
        if (retryCount >= 3) {
            this.status = NotificationStatus.FAILED;
        }
        this.errorMessage = error;
    }
}

public enum NotificationChannel { EMAIL, SMS }
public enum NotificationStatus { PENDING, SENT, FAILED }

Email Sender với Quarkus Mailer

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.quarkus</groupId>
    <artifactId>quarkus-mailer</artifactId>
</dependency>

# Dev mode: Quarkus Mailpit (mock SMTP)
# Production:
%[email protected]
%prod.quarkus.mailer.host=${SMTP_HOST}
%prod.quarkus.mailer.port=587
%prod.quarkus.mailer.start-tls=REQUIRED
%prod.quarkus.mailer.username=${SMTP_USERNAME}
%prod.quarkus.mailer.password=${SMTP_PASSWORD}

@ApplicationScoped
public class EmailNotificationSender {

    @Inject
    Mailer mailer;

    public void send(Notification notification) {
        try {
            mailer.send(Mail.withHtml(
                notification.recipient,
                notification.subject,
                notification.body));
            notification.markSent();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            notification.markFailed(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

Notification Templates

@ApplicationScoped
public class NotificationTemplateService {

    public Notification createOrderConfirmation(
            String email, String orderNumber,
            BigDecimal total) {
        Notification n = new Notification();
        n.recipient = email;
        n.channel = NotificationChannel.EMAIL;
        n.subject = "Xác nhận đơn hàng " + orderNumber;
        n.body = """
            <h2>Đơn hàng của bạn đã được xác nhận!</h2>
            <p>Mã đơn hàng: <strong>%s</strong></p>
            <p>Tổng tiền: <strong>%s VNĐ</strong></p>
            <p>Cảm ơn bạn đã mua sắm tại xdev.asia!</p>
            """.formatted(orderNumber,
                NumberFormat.getInstance(
                    new Locale("vi", "VN")).format(total));
        n.referenceType = "ORDER";
        n.referenceId = orderNumber;
        return n;
    }

    public Notification createPaymentSuccess(
            String email, String paymentNumber,
            String orderNumber, BigDecimal amount) {
        Notification n = new Notification();
        n.recipient = email;
        n.channel = NotificationChannel.EMAIL;
        n.subject = "Thanh toán thành công — " + orderNumber;
        n.body = """
            <h2>Thanh toán thành công!</h2>
            <p>Mã giao dịch: <strong>%s</strong></p>
            <p>Đơn hàng: <strong>%s</strong></p>
            <p>Số tiền: <strong>%s VNĐ</strong></p>
            """.formatted(paymentNumber, orderNumber,
                NumberFormat.getInstance(
                    new Locale("vi", "VN")).format(amount));
        n.referenceType = "PAYMENT";
        n.referenceId = paymentNumber;
        return n;
    }
}

Notification REST API

@Path("/api/v1/notifications")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@Tag(name = "Notifications")
public class NotificationResource {

    @Inject
    NotificationService notificationService;

    @POST
    @Path("/send")
    public Response sendNotification(
            @Valid SendNotificationRequest request) {
        notificationService.send(request);
        return Response.accepted().build();
    }

    @GET
    @Path("/history")
    public List<NotificationDTO> history(
            @QueryParam("referenceType") String type,
            @QueryParam("referenceId") String id) {
        return notificationService.getHistory(type, id);
    }

    @POST
    @Path("/retry-failed")
    public Response retryFailed() {
        int count = notificationService.retryFailed();
        return Response.ok(Map.of("retried", count)).build();
    }
}

Docker Compose — Chạy tất cả services

# docker-compose.yml
services:
  product-db:
    image: postgres:16
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: product_db
      POSTGRES_USER: product
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: product_pass
    ports: ["5433:5432"]

  order-db:
    image: postgres:16
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: order_db
      POSTGRES_USER: order
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: order_pass
    ports: ["5434:5432"]

  payment-db:
    image: postgres:16
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: payment_db
      POSTGRES_USER: payment
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: payment_pass
    ports: ["5435:5432"]

  notification-db:
    image: postgres:16
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: notification_db
      POSTGRES_USER: notification
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: notification_pass
    ports: ["5436:5432"]

  mailpit:
    image: axllent/mailpit
    ports:
      - "8025:8025"  # Web UI
      - "1025:1025"  # SMTP

Bài tập

1. Tạo Payment Service với Payment entity và VNPay mock gateway
2. Implement callback handler xử lý kết quả từ VNPay
3. Tạo Notification Service với email templates
4. Viết docker-compose.yml chạy tất cả databases + Mailpit
5. Test flow: Create Order → Initiate Payment → Callback → Send Email Notification
6. Kiểm tra email qua Mailpit UI tại http://localhost:8025

Tổng kết

• Payment Service dùng Strategy Pattern cho payment gateways (VNPay, MoMo...)
• Callback Pattern xử lý async payment result từ gateway
• Notification Service gửi email qua Quarkus Mailer với Dev Services (Mailpit)
• CDI Events (Event<T>) cho in-process event communication
• Docker Compose orchestrate tất cả databases cho local development

Bài tiếp theo: Keycloak — Cài đặt và tích hợp OIDC Authentication.